tl;dr
- EELS is an execution layer reference implementation in Python.
- It is updated with mainnet.
- It fills checks, and passes present ones.
- There’s an instance of an EIP carried out in EELS under.
Introduction
After greater than a yr in growth, we’re happy to publicly introduce the Ethereum Execution Layer Specification (affectionately often known as EELS.) EELS is a Python reference implementation of the core elements of an Ethereum execution shopper targeted on readability and readability. Meant as a non secular successor to the Yellow Paper that is extra programmer pleasant and up-to-date with post-merge forks, EELS can fill and execute state checks, observe mainnet1, and is a superb place to prototype new EIPs.
EELS supplies full snapshots of the protocol at every fork—together with upcoming ones—making it a lot simpler to observe than EIPs (which solely suggest modifications) and manufacturing shoppers (which frequently combine a number of forks in the identical codepath.)
Historical past
Starting in 2021, as a venture of ConsenSys’ Quilt staff and the Ethereum Basis, the eth1.0-spec (because it was identified then) was impressed by the sheer frustration of getting to decipher the cryptic notation of the Yellow Paper (Figure 1) to grasp the particular habits of an EVM instruction.
Drawing on the profitable Consensus Layer Specification, we got down to create an analogous executable specification for the execution layer.
Current
Immediately, EELS is consumable as a traditional Python repository and as rendered documentation. It is nonetheless a bit tough across the edges, and does not present a lot in the best way of annotations or English explanations for what numerous items do, however these will include time.
It is simply Python
Hopefully a side-by-side comparability of the Yellow Paper and the equal code from EELS can present why EELS is a helpful complement to it:
def less_than(evm: Evm) -> None: # STACK left = pop(evm.stack) proper = pop(evm.stack) # GAS charge_gas(evm, GAS_VERY_LOW) # OPERATION end result = U256(left < proper) push(evm.stack, end result) # PROGRAM COUNTER evm.computer += 1
Whereas Figure 2 is likely to be digestible to lecturers, Figure 3 is indisputably extra pure to programmers.
This is a video walk-through of adding a simple EVM instruction if that is your form of factor.
Writing Assessments
It bears repeating: EELS is simply common Python. It may be examined like some other Python library! Along with the complete ethereum/tests suite, we even have a number of pytest checks.
With a little bit assist from execution-spec-tests, any checks written for EELS can be utilized to manufacturing shoppers!2
Displaying Variations
Having snapshots at every fork is nice for a wise contract developer popping in to see the specifics of how an EVM instruction works, however is not very useful for shopper builders themselves. For them, EELS can show the variations between forks:
An Instance EIP
EIP-6780 is the primary EIP to get an EELS implementation supplied by the creator, Guillaume Ballet! Let’s have a look.
First, we introduce a created_contracts variable to the EVM with transaction-level scope:
@dataclass class Setting: caller: Tackle block_hashes: Checklist[Hash32] origin: Tackle coinbase: Tackle quantity: Uint base_fee_per_gas: Uint gas_limit: Uint gas_price: Uint time: U256 prev_randao: Bytes32 state: State chain_id: U64 + created_contracts: Set[Address]
Second, we observe which contracts have been created in every transaction:
+ evm.env.created_contracts.add(contract_address)
Lastly, we modify selfdestruct so it solely works for contracts famous in created_contracts:
- # register account for deletion - evm.accounts_to_delete.add(originator) - + # Solely proceed if the contract has been created in the identical tx + if originator in evm.env.created_contracts: + + # register account for deletion + evm.accounts_to_delete.add(originator) +
Future
We would like EELS to develop into the default method to specify Core EIPs, the primary place EIP authors go to prototype their proposals, and the absolute best reference for a way Ethereum works.
When you’re curious about contributing or prototyping your EIP, be part of us on the #specifications channel or seize a difficulty from our repository.
